Immunotherapy in Allergic Rhinitis: Itâ€™s Effect on the Immune System and Clinical Symptoms

Samaneh Kouzegaran; Mohammad Ali Zamani; Reza Faridhosseini; Houshang Rafatpanah; Abdolrahim Rezaee; Hadis Yousefzadeh; Rahman Movahed; Farahzad Jabbari Azad; Hooman Tehrani

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.264

Authors

Samaneh Kouzegaran Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Mohammad Ali Zamani Pediatric Department, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord
Reza Faridhosseini Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Houshang Rafatpanah Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Abdolrahim Rezaee Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Hadis Yousefzadeh Immunology Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Rahman Movahed Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Sinus and Surgical Endoscopic Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Farahzad Jabbari Azad Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
Hooman Tehrani Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.264

Keywords:

Allergic rhinitis, Subcutaneous Immunotherapy, Cytokine

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common allergic diseases and characterised by sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and nasopharyngeal itching. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for specific allergens is an effective treatment and induces the inhibitory effect of T regulatory lymphocytes and decreases clinical symptoms in allergic rhinitis.

AIM: In this study effect of subcutaneous immunotherapy with specific allergens on clinical symptoms and T regulatory and T Helper cells cytokines, in patients with allergic rhinitis are evaluated.

METHODS: In this study, 30 patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis according to clinical criteria and positive skin prick test for aeroallergens were selected and treated by SCIT. Clinical symptoms and T cells cytokines IL4, IL17, IFN gamma, TGF beta, GITR, FOXP3 and IL-10 (by RT-PCR) were evaluated before and one year after initiation of treatment.

RESULTS: Thirty (30) patients with allergic rhinitis at age range 15-45 years old were treated by SCIT, and 23 (14 female, 9 male) patients continued the study, and 7 patients did not continue treatment. After immunotherapy, clinical symptoms decreased significantly. The specific cytokines TGF beta and IL10 levels increased and changes were statistically significant. (Respectively P = 0.013 and P = 0.05) The IL17 level was also increased, but not statistically significant. (P = 0.8) IFN gamma, IL4, GITR, FOXP3, all decreased, but the changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for specific allergens decreases clinical symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis and induces tolerance in T lymphocytes, especially by increasing T regulatory cells cytokines, TGF beta and IL10.

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