Children’s Social Perception of Peers’ Dento-Facial Condition: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.304Keywords:
Children perception, Social judgment, Visible dental traumaAbstract
AIMS: This study aimed to compare the participant’s perceptions about their peers’ dento-facial condition with different incisal appearances (intact, discoloured, fractured, and avulsed incisors).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolchildren of both primary (8-11 years) and secondary (12-14 years) levels. Each participant was asked to judge photographs with one intact and three digitally modified central incisors giving the appearance of a traumatised tooth. Data on perceptions were collected for each condition using 12 attributes (8 positive and 4 negative; scored on a 4 point Likert scale). The positive, negative and total attribute scores were analysed separately by unpaired Student’s t-test. Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analysis was also used.
RESULTS: A group of 587 children participated in the study. The perception for intact and traumatised incisors about demographic factors is well appreciated. Among the gender delineation, girls showed a significant difference in judgment between discoloured and fractured incisors. In comparison to intact incisors, positive and total attributable scores were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.001), whereas negative attribute scores were significantly lower (P < 0.001) for traumatised incisors. Pairwise comparison showed high significance (p <0.001) between the intact and traumatised incisor conditions.
CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that visible dental trauma influenced the psychosocial judgment given by children towards their peers. This judgment would, in turn, affect their level of acceptance towards such appearances. Therefore, these conditions ought to be redressed as swiftly as possible.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The primary purpose of this study was to highlight the psychosocial perceptions of children in judging their peers, regarding not only attractiveness but also intelligence, friendliness, confidence, outgoing nature, etc.
Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Little AC, Jones BC, DeBruine LM. Facial attractiveness: evolutionary based research. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011; 366:1638–1659. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0404 PMid:21536551 PMCid:PMC3130383
Kissler J, Bäuml KH. Effects of the beholder's age on the perception of facial attractiveness. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2000; 104:145–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(00)00018-4
Golai S, Nimbeni B, Patil SD, Baali P, Kumar H. Impact of untreated traumatic injuries to anterior teeth on the oral health related quality of life as assessed by video based smiling patterns in children. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9:ZC16–ZC19. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/13169.6039
Meyer E, Jacobson WE, Edgerton MT, Canter A. Motivational patterns in patients seeking elective plastic surgery: I. Women Who Seek Rhinoplasty. Psycho Med. 1960; 22:193–201. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-196005000-00004
Crowell NT, Sazima MJ, Elder ST. Survey of patients' attitudes after surgical correction of prognathism: Survey of 33 patients. J Oral Surg. 1970; 28:818–822. PMid:5273806
Traebert J, Lacerda JT, Foster Page LA, Thomson WM, Bortoluzzi MC. Impact of traumatic dental injuries on the quality of life of schoolchildren. Dent Traumatol. 2012; 28:423–428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2012.01114.x PMid:22276554
Miller AC. Role of physical attractiveness in impression formation. Psychon Sci. 1970; 19:231–234. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03328797
Dion K, Berscheid E, Walster E. What is beautiful is good. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1972; 24:285–290. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0033731 PMid:4655540
Loh ES. The economic effects of physical appearance. Soc Sci Q. 1993; 74:420–438.
Jeremiah HG, Bister D, Newton JT. Social perceptions of adults wearing orthodontic appliances: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Orthod. 2011; 33:476-482. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjq069 PMid:20651044
Ellwood RP, O'Mullane D. Enamel opacities and dental esthetics. J Public Health Dent. 1995; 55:171-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02362.x PMid:7562731
Naumann LP, Vazire S, Rentfrow PJ, Gosling SD. Personality judgments based on physical appearance. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2009; 35:1661-1671. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167209346309 PMid:19762717
Guidelines for the management of anterior dental trauma, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (reference manual). 2001; 34:12-31.
Marcenes W, Alessi ON, Traebert J. Causes and prevalence of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors of school children aged 12 years in Jaragua do Sul, Brazil. Int Dent J. 2000; 50:87-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-595X.2000.tb00804.x PMid:10945187
Soriano EP, Caldas AF, Go´es PSA. Risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian school children. Dent Traumatol. 2004; 20:246–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2004.00246.x PMid:15355382
Nikâ€Hussein NN. Traumatic injuries to anterior teeth among schoolchildren in Malaysia. Dent Traumatol. 2001; 17:149-152. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-9657.2001.170402.x PMid:11585139
Al-Majed I, Murray JJ, Maguire A. Prevalence of dental trauma in 5-6- and 12-14-year-old boys in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Dent Traumatol. 2001; 17:153-158. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-9657.2001.170403.x PMid:11585140
Al-Majed I. Dental trauma among 12–15 year-old schoolgirls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Pak Dent Assoc. 2011; 20:29-34.
Craig SA, Baker SR, Rodd HD. How do children view other children who have visible enamel defects? Int J Paediatr Dent. 2014; 25:399–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12146 PMid:25511447
Rodd HD, Barker C, Baker SR, Marshman Z, Robinson PG. Social judgements made by children in relation to visible incisor trauma. Dent Traumatol. 2010; 26:2–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00849.x PMid:20089056
Awooda, EM, Ali YAH. Social judgments made by children (10–15 year old) in relation to visible incisors trauma: School-based cross-sectional study in Khartoum state, Sudan. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015; 5:425–431. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.165931 PMid:26539397 PMCid:PMC4606609
Newton JT, Prabhu N, Robinson PG. The impact of dental appearance on the appraisal of personal characteristics. Int J Prosthodont. 2003; 16:429–434. PMid:12956500
Feng XP, Newton JT, Robinson PG. The impact of dental appearance on perceptions of personal characteristics among Chinese people in the United Kingdom. Int Dent J. 2001; 51:282–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-595X.2001.tb00839.x PMid:11570543
Eli I, Bar-Tal Y, Kostovettzki I. At first glance: Social meanings of dental appearance. J Pub Health Dent. 2001; 61:150–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2001.tb03382.x
Dunn WJ, Murchison DF, Broome JC. Esthetics: Patients' perceptions of dental attractiveness. J Prosthodont. 1996; 5:166–171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.1996.tb00292.x PMid:9028220
Montero J, Gómez-Polo C, Santos JA, Portillo M, Lorenzo MC, Albaladejo A. Contributions of dental colour to the physical attractiveness stereotype. J Oral Rehabil. 2014; 41:768–782. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12194 PMid:24905467
Casamassimo PS, Fields HW, McTigue D, Nowak AJ. Pediatric Dentistry: Infancy Through Adolescence. IN: Fields HW, Adair SM eds. The Dynamics of Change. 5th Edn. Elsevier Inc. 2013; 416-417.
Grosofsky A, Adkins S, Bastholm R, Meyer L, Krueger L, Meyer J, Torma P. Tooth color: effects on judgments of attractiveness and age. Percept Mot Skills. 2003; 96:43–48. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.2003.96.1.43 PMid:12705508
Patel A, Rodd HD, Baker SR, Marshman Z, Robinson PG, Benson PE. Are social judgements made by children in relation to orthodontic appliances? J Orthod. 2010; 37:93–99. https://doi.org/10.1179/14653121042948 PMid:20567032
Henson ST, Lindauer SJ, Gardner WG, Shroff B, Tufekci E, Best AM. Influence of dental esthetics on social perceptions of adolescents judged by peers. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011; 140: 389–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.07.026 PMid:21889084
Xu F, Wu D, Toriyama R, Ma F, Itakura S, Lee K. Similarities and differences in Chinese and Caucasian adults' use of facial cues for trustworthiness judgments. PLoS One. 2012; 7:e34859. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034859 PMid:22514680 PMCid:PMC3325928
Rhodes G, Lie H C, Thevaraja N, Taylor L, Iredell N, Curran C, Tan S Q C, Carnemolla P, Simmons L W. Facial attractiveness ratings from video-clips and static images tell the same story. PLoS One. 2011; 6:e26653. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026653 PMid:22096491 PMCid:PMC3214014
Tigue CC, Pisanski K, O'Connor JJ, Fraccaro PJ, Feinberg DR. Men's judgments of women's facial attractiveness from two-and three-dimensional images are similar. Journal of vision. 2012; 12(12):3. https://doi.org/10.1167/12.12.3 PMid:23132932
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
