Protein 53 (P53) Expressions and Apoptotic Index of Amniotic Membrane Cells in the Premature Rupture of Membranes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.465Keywords:
Premature rupture of membrane, P53 expression, apoptotic indexAbstract
BACKGROUND: The premature rupture of membranes (PROM) represents an obstetric issue causing significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although protein 53 (p53), one of the proapoptotic proteins suspected of causing PROM at the molecular level is closely correlated with the occurrence of PROM, the exact mechanism remains still unclear.
AIM: This study aims to investigate the hypothesis that p53 expression and the apoptotic index play a role in the PROM mechanism.
METHODS: Placentas from 20 pregnancies (37–42 weeks gestation) and 20 pregnancies complicated by PROM were collected at delivery. The independent variable is represented by pregnant mothers with a single live fetus experiencing PROM (followed by labour and birth) while without PROM mothers represent the control. The research material was taken from the amnion tissue in the placenta. Also, p53 and apoptotic index (TUNEL) immunohistochemical examination were conducted at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Bali. The correlation between the apoptotic index and p53 expression of the PROM group was tested using a McNemar Test.
RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in p53 expression in PROM cases compared to those without PROM (11.15 + 5.59% vs. 0.95 + 2.52%) with c2 = 19.538 and p = 0.001. The apoptotic index in PROM cases was higher than in those without PROM (19.10 + 5.63% vs. 1.15 + 2.46%) with c 2 = 32.40 and p = 0.001. There was a strong correlation between p53 expression and PROM with PR = 3.449 (95% CI = 1.801-6.605; p = 0.001). There was a strong correlation between the apoptotic index and PROM with PR = 19 (95% CI = 2.81-128.69; p = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: p53 expression and the apoptotic index of amniotic membrane cells in cases of PROM was higher than in those without PROM, there was a strong correlation between p53 expression and apoptotic index with the occurrence of PROM.
Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Soewarto S. Ketuban Pecah Dini. Ilmu Kebidanan. Edisi Keempat. Jakarta: PT Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo, 2010: 677-82.
Getahun D, Strickland D, Ananth CV, Fassett MJ, Sacks DA, Kirby RS, Jacobsen SJ. Recurrence of preterm premature rupture of membranes in relation to interval between pregnancies. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2010; 202(6):570-e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.12.010 PMid:20132922
Parry S, Strauss JF. Premature Rupture of Membrane. The New England Journal of Medical. 1998; 338(10):663-70. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199803053381006 PMid:9486996
Cunningham FG. 2010. Obstetrics Williams 23rd. Edition. United States of America: McGraw-Hill, 2010:257-9; 804-31.
Reti NG, Lappas M, Riley C, Wlodek ME, Permezel M, Walker S, Rice GE. Why do membranes rupture at term? Evidence of increased cellular apoptosis in the supracervical fetal membranes. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2007; 196(5):484-e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2007.01.021 PMid:17466714
Pedro MD, Fatima M. Apoptosis: Molecular Mechanisms. Encyclopedia of Life Science. John Willey and Sons Ltd., 2010.
Suhaimi D. Protein P53 Sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Ketuban Pecah Dini. Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences. 2012; 2(2).
Deng W, Cha J, Yuan J, Haraguchi H, Bartos A, Leishman E, Viollet B, Bradshaw HB, Hirota Y, Dey SK. p53 coordinates decidual sestrin 2/AMPK/mTORC1 signaling to govern parturition timing. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2016; 126(8):2941-54. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI87715 PMid:27454290 PMCid:PMC4966330
Dabbs DJ. Diagnostic immunohistochemistry: theranostic and genomic applications, Philadelphia: Saunders, 2017.
Labvision.com. 2018. Procedure of P53 Immunohistochemistry Staining. [Cited March 10]
Menezes HL, Jucá MJ, Gomes EG, Nunes BL, Costa HO, Matos D. Analysis of the immunohistochemical expressions of p53, bcl-2 and Ki-67 in colorectal adenocarcinoma and their correlations with the prognostic factors. Arquivos de gastroenterologia. 2010; 47(2):141-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-28032010000200005 PMid:20721457
Etebary M, Jahanzadeh I, Mohagheghi MA, Azizi E. Immunohistochemical analysis of P53 and its correlation to the other Prognostic factors in breast cancer. Acta Medica Iranica. 2002; 40(2):88-94.
Yemelyanova A, Vang R, Kshirsagar M, Lu D, Marks MA, Shih IM, Kurman RJ. Immunohistochemical staining patterns of p53 can serve as a surrogate marker for TP53 mutations in ovarian carcinoma: an immunohistochemical and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Modern pathology. 2011; 24(9):1248. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2011.85 PMid:21552211
Winata IG, Suwiyoga IK, Megadhana IW. An Expression of Protein 53 (P53) did not Correlate with Staging of Ovarian Cancer.
Rosai J. Rosai and Ackerman's surgical pathology e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2011. PMCid:PMC3698689
enogene.com. Procedure of Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated dUTP-Biotin Nick End Labeling TUNEL. [Cited 2018 March 10]
Loo DT. TUNEL assay. InIn Situ Detection of DNA Damage Humana Press, 2002:21-30. PMid:12073444
Santini D, Tonini G, Vecchio FM, Borzomati D, Vincenzi B, Valeri S, Antinori A, Castri F, Coppola R, Magistrelli P, Nuzzo G. Prognostic value of Bax, Bcl-2, p53, and TUNEL staining in patients with radically resected ampullary carcinoma. Journal of clinical pathology. 2005; 58(2):159-65. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2004.018887 PMid:15677536 PMCid:PMC1770581
Budijaya M, Negara KS. Profil Persalinan dengan Ketuban Pecah Dini di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Periode 1 Januari – 31 Desember 2015. Denpasar: Specialism Study Program, Obstetric and Gynecologic Department of Medical Science Faculty Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, 2016.
Kumar S. Impact of premature rupture of membranes on maternal & neonatal health in Central India. Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare. 2015; 2(48):8505-8.
Adeniji AO, Atanda OO. Interventions and neonatal outcomes in patients with premature rupture of fetal membranes at and beyond 34 weeks gestational age at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 2013; 3(4):1388. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2013/3428
Kataoka S, Furuta I, Yamada H, Kato EH, Ebina Y, Kishida T, Kobayashi N, Fujimoto S. Increased apoptosis of human fetal membranes in rupture of the membranes and chorioamnionitis. Placenta. 2002; 23(2):224-31. https://doi.org/10.1053/plac.2001.0776 PMid:11945090
Negara KS, Suwiyoga K, Arijana K, Tunas K. Role of Caspase-3 as Risk Factors of Premature Rupture of Membranes. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal. 2017; 10(4):2091-8. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1332
Patil S, Patil V. Maternal and Foetal Outcome in Premature Rupture of Membranes. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS). 2014; 13(12): 56-81. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-131275683
Hongmei Z. Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signal pathway review. In Apoptosis and Medicine. Intech, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5772/50129 PMCid:PMC3705112
McLaren J, Malak TM, Bell SC. Structural characteristics of term human fetal membranes prior to labour: identification of an area of altered morphology overlying the cervix. Human reproduction. 1999; 14(1):237-41. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.1.237 PMid:10374127
Menon R, Fortunato SJ. The role of matrix degrading enzymes and apoptosis in repture of membranes. Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. 2004; 11(7):427-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2004.04.001 PMid:15458739
Khwad ME, Pandey V, Stetzer B, Mercer BM, Kumar D, Moore RM, Fox J, Redline RW, Mansour JM, Moore JJ. Fetal membranes from term vaginal deliveries have a zone of weakness exhibiting characteristics of apoptosis and remodeling. Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. 2006; 13(3):191-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2005.12.010 PMid:16638590
Moore RM, Mansour J, Redline R, Mercer B, Moore JJ. The physiology of fetal membrane rupture: insight gained from the determination of physical properties. Placenta. 2006; 27(11-12):1037-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2006.01.002 PMid:16516962
Wang W, Liu C, Sun K. Induction of amnion epithelial apoptosis by cortisol via tPA/plasmin system. Endocrinology. 2016; 157(11):4487-98. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2016-1464 PMid:27690691
Menon R, Boldogh I, Hawkins HK, Woodson M, Polettini J, Syed TA, Fortunato SJ, Saade GR, Papaconstantinou J, Taylor RN. Histological evidence of oxidative stress and premature senescence in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes recapitulated in vitro. The American journal of pathology. 2014; 184(6):1740-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.02.011 PMid:24832021
Arofah D, Hariadi HR, Watadianto. Perbandingan Indeks Apoptotik dan Derajat Ekspresi p53 Selaput Ketuban pada Ibu Hamil Cukup Bulan yang Disertai Ketuban Pecah Dini dengan yang Tanpa Ketuban Pecah Dini. Surabaya: Spesialism Study Program, Obstetric and Gynecologic Department of Medical Science Faculty Airlangga University/dr. Soetomo Hospital, 2005.
George RB, Kalich J, Yonish B, Murtha AP. Apoptosis in the chorion of fetal membranes in preterm premature rupture of membranes. American journal of perinatology. 2008; 25(01):029-32. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1004828 PMid:18075963
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Ketut Surya Negara, Ni Luh Lany Christina Prajawati, Gede Putu Surya, Suhendro Suhendro, Komang Arijana, Ketut Tunas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0