Antisocial Personality Traits as a Risk Factor of Violence between Individuals with Mental Disorders

Izabela Filov

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.146

Authors

Izabela Filov Higher Medical School, University "St Kliment Ohridski", Bitola, Republic of Macedonia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.146

Keywords:

Mental disorder, Violence, Comorbidity, Psychopathy

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mental disorder can increase the likelihood of taking violent acts of some individuals, but only a small percentage of violence in societies could be attributed to patients with mental health problems. For the past several years numerous studies related to forensic psychiatry has confirmed a close causal relationship between violent offenders and psychiatric comorbidity. Several studies have provided strong evidence that antisocial personality disorders (APD) represent a significant clinical risk for violence.

AIM: This study aims to show the relationship between antisocial personality disorder and antisocial personality traits with the other mental disorders and the manifestation of violence between the forensic populations of patients.

METHODS: The survey was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospitals and the Mental Health Centre. The research was carried out between two groups: one group of perpetrators of violence (PV) and a control group divided into two subgroups, a control group without violence (CG WV) and a group of respondents forcibly hospitalised CG FH. After obtaining consent for participation in the study, patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were applied. The research methodology included using measuring instrument-Psychopathy Checklist-revised (Hare's PCL-R).

RESULTS: The results show that in the group PV antisocial personality disorder is present in 45 patients, or 50% of the total sample. According to statistical research in between groups PV, CG WV and CG WV, there were determent significant differences in specifically listed items from Hare's PCL-R.

CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathological traits of mental disorders which are pathognomonic of committing violence are paranoid schizophrenia, as the most present and antisocial personality disorder in comorbidity, as the highest risk factor among the population with mental disorders that manifest violence.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Sirotich F. Correlates of crime and violence among persons with mental disorder: An evidence-based review. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention. 2008; 8(2):171-194. https://doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhn006

Mulvey E. Assessing the evidence of a link between mental illness and violence. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994; 45:663â€“668. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.45.7.663

Asnis GM, Kaplan ML, Hundorfean G, Saeed W. Violence and homicidal behaviors in psychiatric disorders. Psych Clin N Am. 1997; 20:405â€“425. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70320-8

Petit J. Management of the actuely violent patient. Psych Clin N Am. 2005; 28:701â€“711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2005.05.011 PMid:16122575

Elbogen EB, Johnson SC. The intricate link between violence and mental disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of general Psychiatry. 2009; 66(2):152-61. https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.537 PMid:19188537

Swanson JW, Swartz MS, Van Dorn RA, Elbogen EB, Wagner HR, Rosenheck RA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, Lieberman JA. A national study of violent behavior in persons with schizophrenia. Archives of general psychiatry. 2006; 63(5):490-9. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.5.490 PMid:16651506

Å½arkoviÄ‡ Palijan T, Radeljak S, KovaÄ M, KovaÄeviÄ‡ D. Relationship between comorbidity and violence risk assesment in forensic psychiatry-the implicaton of neuroimaging studies. Psychiatria Danubina. 2010; 22(2):253-6.

WHO, 1995.

Nedopil N, Hollweg M, Hartman J, Jaser R. Comorbidity of psychopathy with major mental disorder. European Psychiatry. 2015; 30:406

Rueve ME, Welton RS. Violence and Mental Illness, 2008. www.psychiatrymmc.com

Marshall E, Farrell M. Substance use and psychiatric comorbidity. Medicine. 2007; 35(4):246-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2007.02.010

Kertesz SG, Madan A, Wallace D, Schumacher JE, Milby JB. Substance abuse treatment and psychiatric comorbidity: do benefits spill over? Analysis of data from a prospective trial among cocaine-dependent homeless persons. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2006; 1:27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-1-27 PMid:16965639 PMCid:PMC1584225

Snowden, P. Substance misuse and violence: the scope and limitations of forensic psychiatry's role. Adv Psych Treat. 2001; 7:189-197. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.3.189

Esbec E&EcheburÃºa E. Violence and personality disorders: clinical and forensic implications. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2010; 38(5):249-261. PMid:21116999

Fazel S, SjÃ¶stedt G, LÃ¥ngstrÃ¶m N, Grann M. Severe mental illness and risk of sexual offending in men: a case-control study based on Swedish national registers. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2007; 68:588-96. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v68n0415 PMid:17474815

Fortuna LR.Adolescent Substance Abuse Psychitaric Comorbidity and High Risk Behaviour. Psychiatr Serv. 2009; 60:128. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2009.60.1.128

Fazel S, Grann M. The population impact of severe mental illness on violent crime. American journal of psychiatry. 2006; 163(8):1397-403. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.2006.163.8.1397 PMid:16877653

Steadman HJ, Mulvey EP, Monahan J, et al. Violence by people discharged from acute psychiatric inpatient facilities and by others in the same neighborhoods. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998; 55:393â€“401. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.55.5.393 PMid:9596041

Kiehl KA, Smith AM, Hare RD, Liddle PF. An event-related potential investigation of response inhibition in schizophrenia and psychopathy. Biological psychiatry. 2000; 48(3):210-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00834-9

Hare RD. The psychopathy checklistâ€“Revised. Toronto, ON. 2003.

BorrasI. Asesinos en serie espanoles (2 nded). Barcelona:Bosch Editor, 2002.

Peay J. Personality disorder and the law: Some awkward questions. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology. 2011; 18(3):231-44. https://doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2011.0035

Skeem JL, Schubert C, Odgers C, Mulvey EP, Gardner W, Lidz C. Psychiatric symptoms and community violence among high-risk patients: A test of the relationship at the weekly level. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2006; 74(5):967. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.5.967 PMid:17032100

Gacono CB, Meloy JR, Speth E, Roske A. Above the law: Escapes from a maximum security forensic hospital and psychopathy. Journal-American Academy of Psychiatry And The Law. 1997; 25(4):1-4.

Nestor P. Mental disorder and violence. Am J Psychiatry. 2002; 159:1973-8. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.12.1973 PMid:12450942

Hare RD. Chance and circumstance. Forensic Update: Special 100th Issue. 2009; 100:14-7.

Brennan PA, Mednick SA, Hodgins S. Major mental disorders and criminal violence in a Danish birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000; 57(5):494-50. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.57.5.494 PMid:10807490

Harris A, Lurigio A. Mental illness and violence: A brief review of research and assessment strategies. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2007; 12:542-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2007.02.008