Nitric Oxide Gene Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Diabetic Nephropathy and Atherosclerosis in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Soha M. El Dayem; Ahmed A. Battah; Abo El Maged El Bohy; Solaf Ahmed; Mona Hamed; Safa Nabil Abd El Fattah

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.831

Authors

Soha M. El Dayem Pediatrics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Ahmed A. Battah Critical Care Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Abo El Maged El Bohy Radiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Solaf Ahmed Clinical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Mona Hamed Clinical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Safa Nabil Abd El Fattah Clinical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.831

Keywords:

Nitric oxide, Genotype, Nephropathy, Atherosclerosis, Type 1 diabetes

Abstract

AIM: To assess the risk factor for diabetic atherosclerosis nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty healthy volunteers age and sex-matched and Sixty-five type 1 diabetic patient were in rolled in the study. The mean age of patients was 17.99 Â± 2.59 years, mean age of onset of diabetes was 7.00 Â± 3.28 years, mean duration of diabetes was 10.91 Â± 3.54 years. Glycosylated sex-matched (HbA1c) was assessed in blood samples, serum lipid profile was determined, and serum level of oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), and nitric oxide was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Nitric oxide 894G > T genotype was analysed by (PCR-RFLP) method and confirmed by Sequencing. Assessment of the albumin / creatinine ratio was done in urine samples. Renal Doppler and Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) via ultrasound was also performed.

RESULTS: OxLDL, lipid profile, albumin/creatinine ratio, cIMT and resistivity index were significantly higher in diabetic patients while nitric oxide was significantly lower. Nitric oxide genotype shows no significant difference between diabeticâ€™s patients and controls. Diabetic patients with homozygous NO had a significantly lower serum level of Nitric oxide, a significantly higher OxLDL, albumin / creatinine ratio and lipid profile.

CONCLUSION: diabetic patients are liable for the occurrence of early diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis as a result of the presence of low level of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide gene polymorphism 894G > T in diabetic patients is a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis.