Relationship between Prolonged QT Interval and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin

Djallalluddin Djallalluddin; Muhammad Darwin Prenggono; Nanang Miftah  Fajari; Mohammad  Rudiansyah; Loudry Elfa

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2023.11699

Authors

Djallalluddin Djallalluddin Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-1606
Muhammad Darwin Prenggono Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Nanang Miftah Fajari Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Metabolic Division, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-0004
Mohammad Rudiansyah Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Hypertension Division, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-9641
Loudry Elfa Internal Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3960-2477

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11699

Keywords:

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 infection, Prolonged QT interval

Abstract

BACKGROUND: QT prolongation in COVID-19 infection may be caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammation, ischemia, hypoxia, and the administration of drugs related to COVID-19. This condition is associated with a poor prognosis due to an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest.

METHODS: This study used an observational case-control design. Data were obtained consecutively using medical records of COVID-19 patients confirmed through RT-PCR swabs who died (case) and survived (control) at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. The number of samples in this study was 138 patients. The independent variables were prolonged QT interval (>430 m/s or QTc >450 m/s) and normal QT interval, while the dependent variable was the mortality of COVID-19 patients.

RESULTS: QT prolongation significantly increased the risk of death by 4 times (OR 4.48; 95% CI = 2.162-9.280; p = 0.000) compared to COVID-19 patients with normal QT intervals.

DISCUSSION: Prolonged QT intervals increased the risk of death in COVID-19 patients at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. These findings are in accordance with several other studies where this variable might be used as a prognostic factor in the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

CONCLUSION: Prolonged QT intervals are associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin.

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