The Effect of Supplementation of Calcium on Prevention of Pre - Eclampsia in Pregnant Women at Kuta Baro Community Health Center Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal death in Indonesia. Prevention of the incidence of pre-eclampsia is believed as one of the optional treatment that can be done by consuming calcium supplementation

AIM: This study aimed to investigate procalcitonin levels in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

METHODS: Observational study with prospective cohort design with a quantitative approach was conducted to see the validity and re ability of the question. The population was pregnant women in Kutabaro Health Center in 2018 who were pregnant women > 20 weeks from the appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria of a total of 29 respondents. The intervention group who were given calcium and about 58 pregnant mothers were assigned for the controlled group. The sampling technique was the Multistage sampling method/ sampling, using purposive sampling and Total Population. Analysis of data using uni-variable, bi-variable and multiple variables. The statistical test used Chi-Square (c²) at the significance level of p < 0.05. To see the magnitude of the risk with the Relative Risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS: A total of 68 lung cancer patients fulfilled the criteria of this study, 55 men (80.9%) and 13 women (19.1%). The highest percentage of cytology/histopathology type found was adenocarcinoma (80.9%), and 60.3% of those were diagnosed in stage IV. An increased procalcitonin level (greater than 0.01 ng/mL) occurred in 80.9% of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients. It appears that the higher the stage of lung cancer, the lower procalcitonin levels would be, although it was not statistically significant. There was no association between lung cancer subtype with procalcitonin levels.

CONCLUSION: An increased level of procalcitonin may be an indication not only for infection but also for NonSmall Cell Lung Cancer.