The Association between Modifiable Risk Factor with Inflammatory Marker in Knee Osteoarthritis Women

Arnadi Arnadi; Afriwardi Afriwardi; Hirowati Ali; Roni Eka Sahputra

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.8985

Authors

Arnadi Arnadi Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3846-093X
Afriwardi Afriwardi Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Hirowati Ali Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Roni Eka Sahputra Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8985

Keywords:

Osteoarthritis, Interleukin-1beta, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Synovial fluid

Abstract

Background: IL-1β and TNF-α are vital inflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiological process of Osteoarthritis (OA). Several risk factors can increase the expression of these cytokines, such as BMI, physical activity, and menopausal status.

Aims: This study aims to determine the relationship of modifiable factors with synovial fluid IL-1β and TNF-α levels in knee OA women.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the orthopedic poly hospital Arifin Achmad Riau Province and Ibnu Sina Hospital in Pekanbaru City. A total of 93 women with knee OA were taken as samples by consecutive sampling. Data were obtained directly from respondents by conducting interviews using a questionnaire, measuring weight and height, examining levels of IL-1β and TNF-α from the synovial fluid using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The data were processed computerized using the Person correlation test, One Way Anova, and t-Test. The statistical analysis results were considered significant if the p-value was 0<05.

Results: the average age of subjects was 60.67 + 9.99 years, 87.8% aged > 40 years, 84.9% had menopause, and at most had moderate physical activity degrees (51.6%). The mean BMI was 27.18+4.17, the average of IL-1β 424.73+188.01 pg/mL, and TNF-α 105,17+48.98 ng/L. There was a significant positive correlation with moderate strength between BMI and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α synovial fluid (p=0.037, r=0.217, and p=0.047, r=0.207).

Conclusion: BMI is a risk factor for IL-1β and TNF-α levels in synovial fluid of knee joints in women with OA, but physical activity and menopausal status are not risk factors.

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