Different Tools for the Assessment of Bone Mass among Egyptian Adults

Nayera E. Hassan; Sahar A. El-Masry; Rokia A. El-Banna; Mohamed S. El Hussieny

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2014.100

Authors

Nayera E. Hassan Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza
Sahar A. El-Masry Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza
Rokia A. El-Banna Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza
Mohamed S. El Hussieny Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.100

Keywords:

Dual X-ray absorptiometry, Quantitative computed tomography, Self-assessment tool, Bone mineral density, Adults, Egyptians.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Several tools such as, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and self-assessment tool (OST), are being used for diagnosis of osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the sensitivity and specify detection rate of bone mineral density (BMD) changes for DXA versus QCT and OST among a sample of Egyptian adults of both sexes.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study is a cross sectional one, which included 62 Egyptians, aged 20-65 years.Â Each individual was assessed for BMD using DXA at femur and spine sites; QCT and OST which take into account body weight and age. Accordingly they were diagnosed as either osteoporotic/osteopenic or normal.

RESULTS: The highest prevalence of osteopenia or osteoporosis was diagnosed among menopause women. DXA at femur has diagnosed more cases of osteoporosis (both osteopenic and osteoporotic) as compared to spine DXA or QCT, but OST is out of rang; as it failed to diagnose any case.

CONCLUSION: DXA has been found to be more efficacious than QCT scan in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. DXA in femur is better than DXA-spine and QCT. Generally, DXA is the "gold standard" when assessing osteoporosis. Further studies are needed to modify the equation of OST and confirm its efficiency in Egyptians population.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Fink HA, Ewing SK, Ensrud KE, Barrett-Connor E, Taylor BC, Cauley JA, et al. Association of Testosterone and Estradiol Deficiency with Osteoporosis and Rapid Bone Loss in Older Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 91: 3908-3915. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0173

World Health Organ. Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis. Tech Rep Ser. 2003;921:1-164.

Lim LS, Hoeksema LJ, Sherin K; ACPM Prevention Practice Committee. Screening for osteoporosis in the adult U.S. population: ACPM position statement on preventive practice. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4):366-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.013

Blake GM, Fogelman I. Role of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. J Clin Densitom. 2007; 10:102â€“110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2006.11.001

Bauer JS, Virmani S, Mueller DK. Quantitative CT to assess BMD as a diagnostic tool for osteoporosis and related fractures. Medica Mundi. 2010; 54(2): 31-37.

Dargent-Molina P, Piault S, BrÃ©art G. Identification of women at increased risk of osteoporosis: no need to use different screening tools at different ages. Maturitas. 2006;54(1):55-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.08.007

Hiernaux J, Tanner JM. Growth and physical studies. In: Human Biology: guide to field methods. Eds. Weiner JS, Lourie SA. IBP. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford, UK, 1969.

Koh LK, Ben Sedrine W, Torralba TP et al. Osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) research group. A simple tool to identify Asian women at increased risk of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2001; 12: 699â€“705. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980170070

Kim LO, Kim HJ, Kong MH. A New Predictive Index for Osteoporosis in Men under 70 Years of Age: An Index to Identify Male Candidates for Osteoporosis Screening by Bone Mineral Density. J Osteoporos. 2014;2014:781897. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/781897

NIH Consensus Statement. Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. 2000; 17(1): 27â€“29.

Damilakis J, Adams JE, Guglielmi G, Link TM. Radiation exposure in X-ray-based imaging techniques used in osteoporosis. Eur Radiol. 2010 Nov;20(11):2707-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-010-1845-0

Cadarette SM, Jaglal SB, Kreiger N, McIsaac WJ, Darlington GA, Tu JV. Development and validation of the Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Instrument to facilitate selection of women for bone densitometry. CMAJ. 2000;162(9):1289-94.

Rubin KH, Abrahamsen B, Friis-Holmberg T, Hjelmborg JV, Bech M, Hermann AP, Barkmann R, GlÃ¼er CC, Brixen K. Comparison of different screening tools (FRAXÂ®, OST, ORAI, OSIRIS, SCORE and age alone) to identify women with increased risk of fracture. A population-based prospective study. Bone. 2013;56(1):16-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2013.05.002

Li N, Li XM, Xu L, Sun WJ, Cheng XG, Tian W. Comparison of QCT and DXA: Osteoporosis Detection Rates in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:895474. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/895474

Londono J, Valencia P, Santos AM, GutiÃ©rrez LF, Baquero R, Valle-OÃ±ate R. Risk factors and prevalence of osteoporosis in premenopausal women from poor economic backgrounds in Colombia. Int J Womens Health. 2013;5:425-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S45170

Hassan NE, El-Masry SA, El-Banna RA, Aboud HT. Impact of Obesity on Bone Mineral Content and Density in Group of Egyptian Adolescent Girls. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 2012; 8(7): 3860-3865.

Schneider DL, Bettencourt R, Barrett-Connor E. Clinical utility of spine bone density in elderly women. J Clin Densitom. 2006;9(3):255-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2006.04.116

Kanis JA, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Oden A, Melton LJ et al. A reference standard for the description of osteoporosis. Bone. 2008;42: 467â€“475. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2007.11.001

Adams JE. Quantitative computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 2009; 71: 415â€“424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.04.074

Anders ME, Turner L, Freeman J. Evaluation of Clinical Decision Rules for Bone Mineral Density Testing among White Women. J Osteoporos. 2013;2013:792831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/792831

SaravÃ FD. Osteoporosis self-assessment tool performance in a large sample of postmenopausal women of mendoza, Argentina. J Osteoporos. 2013;2013:150154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/150154

Wehren LE, Siris ES. Beyond bone mineral density: can existing clinical risk assessment instruments identify women at increased risk of osteoporosis? J Intern Med. 2004;256(5):375-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01397.x