The Expression of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 and Interleukin-6 on Human Prostate: Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Afdal Afdal; Eryati Darwin; Yanwirasti Yanwirasti; Rizal Hamid

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.548

Authors

Afdal Afdal Postgraduate Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
Eryati Darwin Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
Yanwirasti Yanwirasti Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
Rizal Hamid Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia University, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.548

Keywords:

Prostate Hyperplasia, Prostate Cancer, IL-6, TGFÎ²-1, Gleason Index

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two of the most common pathological condition of the prostate to be found on male. Both of these diseases share common pathogenesis involving inflammation of prostatic tissues. Chronic inflammation will induce the release of cytokines, followed by cells injury and tissues damage. One of the cytokines that play a role in prostate pathology is IL-6. The inflammation will also induce the releases of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGFÎ²-1.
AIM: This study aims to analyse the expression of IL-6 and TGFÎ²-1, in prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an observational study, using paraffin-embedded tissue samples of prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Samples were obtained from the laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the cytokine expression, and a semiqunatitaves measurement according to Immunoreactive score (IRS) was performed for evaluation. For the TGFÎ²-1, the stromal expression was also analysed by measurement of the stromal stained area. The correlation of cytokine expression to Gleason index score was also analysed in prostate cancer.
RESULTS: The result showed that this study found that TGFÎ²-1 was detected both in the stromal component as well as epithelial. With the stromal being the dominant site of expression. The stromal TGFÎ²-1 expression was of significantly higher in prostate hyperplasia compares to prostate cancer (p < 0.05), while the epithelial expression of TGFÎ²-1 was not found to be significantly different. IL-6 was mostly expressed intracytoplasmic in epithelia. The IL-6 expression was significantly higher in prostate cancer compared to hyperplasia. However, there was no significant correlation to found between IL-6 expression to the Gleason Score among prostate cancers.
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there were differences in expression of both TGFÎ²-1 and IL-6 between prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry.

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