High Il-1Î² Serum as a Predictor of Decreased Cognitive Function in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Dewa Putu Gede Purwa Samatra; Ni Made Dwita Pratiwi; I Putu Eka Widyadharma

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.390

Authors

Dewa Putu Gede Purwa Samatra Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali
Ni Made Dwita Pratiwi Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali
I Putu Eka Widyadharma Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-0348

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.390

Keywords:

IL-1Î² serum, cognitive dysfunction, traumatic brain injury

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) exerts a significant impact on society with regards to physical, affective, and cognitive impairment. The consequent cognitive sequelae include a problem in memory, attention, concentration, and processing speed. Following traumatic brain injury, inflammatory response developed, characterised by increased interleukin 1-Î² (IL-1Î²) levels in the blood. IL 1-Î² at pathophysiological concentration has been reported to cause an inhibition of the expression of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the areas CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.

AIM: This study aims to determine whether high IL-1Î² serum is a predictor of decreased cognitive function in mild TBI.

METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at the emergency room, surgical and neurologic ward at Sanglah Hospital from November 2017 until January 2018. As many as thirty-five mild TBI with normal IL-1Î² serum (< 0.0565 pg/ml) and thirty-five of those with high IL-1Î² serum (â‰¥ 0.0565 pg/ml) subjects were included within the corresponding period. The decrease of cognition after trauma was measured seven days later.

RESULTS: This study demonstrated that group with high IL-1Î² serum levels were at higher risk of suffering from cognitive impairment after TBI when compared with the group with normal IL-1Î² serum levels (RR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.49-4.55, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Mild TBI with high serum IL-1Î² levels were more than twice likely to experience decreased cognitive function than those with normal IL-1Î² levels.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Borgaro SR, Prigatano GP, Kwasnica C, Rexer JL. Cognitive and affective sequelae in complicated and uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2003; 17:189-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269905021000013183 PMid:12623495

Schretlen DJ, Shapiro AM. A quantitative review of the effects of traumatic brain injury on cognitive functioning. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2003; 15:341-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540260310001606728 PMid:15276955

Faul M, Xu L, Wald MM, Coronado VG. Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations and Deaths 2002-2006. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control; 2010. https://doi.org/10.15620/cdc.5571

Liao Y, Liu P, Guo F, Zhang ZY, Zhang Z. Oxidative burst of circulating neutrophils following traumatic brain injury in human. PLoS One. 2013; 8:e68963. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068963 PMid:23894384 PMCid:PMC3722225

Lozano D, Gonzales-Portillo GS, Acosta S, et al. Neuroinflammatory responses to traumatic brain injury: aetiology, clinical consequences, and therapeutic opportunities. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015; 11:97-106. PMid:25657582 PMCid:PMC4295534

Coogan AN, O'Neill LA, O'Connor JJ. The P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor SB203580 antagonizes the inhibitory effects of interleukin-1beta on long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro. Neuroscience. 1999; 93:57-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00100-1

Ross FM, Allan SM, Rothwell NJ, Verkhratsky A. A dual role for interleukin-1 in LTP in mouse hippocampal slices. J Neuroimmunol. 2003; 144:61-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.08.030 PMid:14597099

World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2000; 284:3043-5. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.23.3043

Zamzami NM, Fuadi I, Nawawi M. Angka Kejadian dan Outcome Cedera Otak di RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung Tahun 2008-2010. Jurnal Neuroanestesia Indonesia. 2013; 2:6.

Munivenkatappa A, Agrawal A, Shukla DP, Kumaraswamy D, Devi BI. Traumatic brain injury: Does gender influence outcomes? Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2016; 6:70-3. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5151.183024 PMid:27308254 PMCid:PMC4901830

Marquez de la Plata CD, Hart T, Hammond FM, et al. Impact of age on long-term recovery from traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89:896-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.12.030 PMid:18452739 PMCid:PMC2600417

Schneider EB, Sur S, Raymont V, et al. Functional recovery after moderate/severe traumatic brain injury: a role for cognitive reserve? Neurology. 2014;82:1636-42. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000379 PMid:24759845 PMCid:PMC4211893

Tasci A, Okay O, Gezici AR, Ergun R, Ergungor F. Prognostic value of interleukin-1 beta levels after acute brain injury. Neurol Res. 2003; 25:871-4. https://doi.org/10.1179/016164103771953998 PMid:14669533

Di Iorio A, Ferrucci L, Sparvieri E, et al. Serum IL-1beta levels in health and disease: a population-based study. 'The InCHIANTI study'. Cytokine. 2003; 22:198-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-4666(03)00152-2