Sleep Deficiency is a Modifiable Risk Factor for Obesity and Cognitive Impairment and Associated with Elevated Visfatin

Yusr M. I. Kazem; Salwa M. El Shebini; Maha I. A. Moaty; Suzanne Fouad; Salwa T. Tapozada

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2015.063

Authors

Yusr M. I. Kazem Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
Salwa M. El Shebini Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
Maha I. A. Moaty Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
Suzanne Fouad Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
Salwa T. Tapozada Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, (Affiliation ID: 60014618)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2015.063

Keywords:

Sleep, cognitive functions, obesity, visfatin, insulin resistance

Abstract

AIM: To study the interaction between sleep deprivation, obesity and cognitive functions, and the effect of following a balanced low caloric diet and increasing sleep duration on those variables.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety two obese females with mean age 47.00 Â± 2.00 years and body mass index (BMI) 36.14 Â± 3.00 kg/mÂ² were divided into 3 groups according to their sleeping hours. They followed balanced low-caloric diet and were instructed to increase sleeping hours. Full clinical examination, 24 hours dietary intake recall, anthropometric measurements, mini mental state test, questionnaire for subjective sleep and life style evaluation were performed at baseline and after 2 months. Serum visfatin, fasting blood glucose and C-peptide were assessed; Modified homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated.

RESULTS: About one third of our sample slept less than 6 hours daily, group (1), all patients had elevated visfatin serum level (33.87 Â± 2.8 ng/ml) with the highest level in group (1). At base line, group (1) showed the highest BMI, lowest cognitive functions, highest visfatin level and highest insulin resistance (P < 0.05). After 2 months of intervention, improvement was recorded in all variables, with the best improvement in group (1) after extending sleep duration (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Sleep deprivation may be a modifiable risk factor for obesity, cognitive impairment and visfatin elevation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block

References

Lucassen EA, Rother KI, Cizza G. Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012; 1264: 110â€“134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06655.x

Watanabe M, Kikuchi H, Tanaka K, Takahashi M. Association of short sleep duration with weight gain and obesity at 1-year follow-up: a large-scale prospective study. Sleep. 2010; 33: 161â€“167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.2.161

Gangwisch JE, Malaspina D, Boden-Albala B. Inadequate sleep as a risk factor for obesity: analyses of the NHANES I. Sleep. 2005; 28: 1289â€“1296. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/28.10.1289

St-Onge MP, O'Keeffe M, Roberts AL, Roychoudhury A, LaferrÃ¨re B. Short sleep duration, glucose dysregulation and hormonal regulation of appetite in men and women. Sleep. 2012; 35 (11): 1503-1510. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.2198

St-Onge MP, Shechter A. Sleep disturbances, body fat distribution, food intake and/or energy expenditure: pathophysiological aspects. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2014; 17 (1): 29- 37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2013-0066

Buxton OM, Marcelli E. Short and long sleep are positively associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States. Soc. Sci. Med. 2010; 71: 1027â€“1036. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.05.041

Broussard JL, Ehrmann DA, Van Cauter E, Tasali E, Brady MJ. Impaired insulin signaling in human adipocytes after experimental sleep restriction: a randomized, crossover study. Ann Intern Med. 2012; 157 (8): 549- 557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-8-201210160-00005

Potkin KT, Bunney WE Jr. Sleep improves memory: the effect of sleep on long term memory in early adolescence. PLoS One. 2012; 7: e42191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042191

Lucey BP, Bateman RJ. Amyloid-Î² diurnal pattern: possible role of sleep in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Neurobiol Aging. 2014; 35 Suppl 2:S29-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.035

Whitney P, Hinson JM. Measurement of cognition in studies of sleep deprivation. Prog Brain Res.2010; 185: 37â€“48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53702-7.00003-8

Lucassen EA, Piaggi P, Dsurney J, de Jonge L. Sleep Extension Study Group. Sleep extension improves neurocognitive functions in chronically sleep-deprived obese individuals. PLoS One. 2014; 9 (1): e84832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084832

St-Onge MP, McReynolds A, Trivedi ZB, Roberts AL, Sy M, et al. Sleep restriction leads to increased activation of brain regions sensitive to food stimuli. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012; 95: 818â€“24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.027383

Varma V, Yao-Borengasser A, Rasouli N, Bodles AM. Human visfatin expression: relationship to insulin sensitivity, intramyocellular lipids, and inflammation. J Clin End Meta. 2007; 92 (2): 666â€“672. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1303

Kang YS, Song HK, Lee MH, Ko GJ, Cha DR. Plasma concentration of visfatin is a new surrogate marker of systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010; 89: 141â€“149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2010.03.020

Lee H, Lee IS, Choue R. Obesity, inflammation and diet. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2013; 16 (3): 143-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2013.16.3.143

Tomburgh, McIntyre. "The Mini-Mental State Examination: A comprehensive Review". JAGS. 1992; 40 (9): 922â€“935. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x

Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. ""Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1975; 12 (3): 189â€“98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6

Barham D, Trinder P. An improved colour reagent for determination of blood glucose by oxidase system. Analyst. 1972; 97: 142-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/an9729700142

Bonger A and Garcia-Webb P. C-Peptide Measurement: Methods and Clinical Utility. CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences. 1984; 19: 297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/10408368409165766

Li X, Zhou ZG, Qi HY et al. Replacement of insulin by fasting C-peptide in modified homeostasis model assessment to evaluate insulin resistance and islet beta cell function. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi (Chinese). 2004; 29 (4): 419â€“ 423.

Lovren F, Pan Y, Shukla PC, Quan A, Teoh H, Szmitko PE, et al. Visfatin activates eNOS via Akt and MAP kinases and improves endothelial cell function and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo: translational implications for atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 296: E1440â€“E1449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90780.2008

Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB,. Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults. Sleep. 2008; 31: 619â€“626. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/31.5.619

Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Rathouz PJ. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between objectively measured sleep duration and body mass index: the CARDIA Sleep Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2009; 170: 805â€“813. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp230

Galic S, Oakhill JS, Steinberg GR. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Mol Cell Endocrinol.2010; 316: 129â€“139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2009.08.018

Brondel L, Romer MA, Nougues PM, Touyarou P, Davenne D. Acute partial sleep deprivation increases food intake in healthy men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2010;91:1550â€“1559. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28523

Patel SR, Hu FB. Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008; 16: 643â€“53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.118

Theorell-Haglow J, Berne C, Janson C, Sahlin C, Lindberg E. Associations between short sleep duration and central obesity in women. Sleep. 2010; 33: 593â€“598. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.5.593

Cizza G, Marincola P, Mattingly M, Williams L, Mitler M, Skarulis M. Treatment of obesity with extension of sleep duration: a randomized, prospective, controlled trial. Clin Trials. 2010; 7 (3): 274-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1740774510368298

Pilcher JJ, Huffcutt AJ. Effects of sleep deprivation on performance: a meta-analysis. Sleep. 1996; 19: 318â€“26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/19.4.318

Lim J, Dinges DF. A meta-analysis of the impact of short-term sleep deprivation on cognitive variables. Psychol Bull. 2010; 136: 375â€“89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018883

Yo-El S. Ju, Brendan P. Lucey, and David M. Holtzman.Sleep and Alzheimer disease pathologyâ€”a bidirectional relationship. Nat Rev Neurol. 2014; 10 (2): 115â€“119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2013.269

Gunstad J, Lhotsky A, Wendell CR, Ferrucci L, Zonderman AB. Longitudinal examination of obesity and cognitive function: results from the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Neuroepidemiology. 2010; 34 (4): 222-229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000297742

Xu WL, Atti AR, Gatz M, Pedersen NL, Johansson B, Fratiglioni L. Midlife overweight and obesity increase late-life dementia risk: A population-based twin study. Neurology. 2011; 3: 76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182190d09

Koleva DI, Orbetzova MM, Atanassova PK. Adipose tissue hormones and appetite and body weight regulators in insulin resistance. Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2013; 55 (1): 25-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/folmed-2013-0002

Mabrouk R, Ghareeb H, Shehab A, Omar K, El-Kabarity RH. Serum visfatin, resistin and IL-18 in a group of Egyptian obese diabetic and non diabetic individuals. Egypt J Immunol. 2013; 20 (1): 1-11.

KamiÅ„ska A, KopczyÅ„ska E, Bronisz A. An evaluation of visfatin levels in obese subjects Pol J Endocrinol. 2010; 61 (2): 169â€“173.

Patel SR, Zhu X, Storfer-Isser A. Sleep duration and biomarkers of inflammation. Sleep.2009; 32: 200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/32.2.200

Amanda L. Hayes, B S, Fang Xu, MS, Denise Babineau, Sanjay R, Patel R. Sleep Duration and Circulating Adipokine Levels. Sleep. 2011; 34 (2): 147â€“152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/34.2.147

Frey DJ, Fleshner M, Wright KP. The effects of 40 hours of total sleep deprivation on inflammatory markers in healthy young adults. Brain Behav Immun. 2007; 21: 1050â€“1057. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2007.04.003

Fantuzzi G. Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 115:911â€“919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.02.023

Petelin A, Bizjak M, CerneliÄ-Bizjak M, Jurdana M. Low-grade inflammation in overweight and obese adults is affected by weight loss program. J Endocrinol Invest. 2014; 37 (8): 745-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-014-0102-9

Walker MP. The role of sleep in cognition and emotion. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1156: 168â€“197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04416.x